The
Region of Murcia is located in southeast Spain, and has a population
of 1.2 million, of whom one-third live in the capital city of
Murcia.
The Phoenicians were the first civilization to populate the area,
establishing a trading outpost on the Mediterranean coast. The
area was subsequently conquered by the Roman empire, who named
this port Cartago Nova (New Carthage), from where it’s current
name of Cartagena was derived. The Arab empire was next to conquer
this land, bringing with them cultural and agricultural development.
Using their intricate knowledge of irrigation they transformed
the arid hills and valleys into, what is still today, one of Europe’s
most productive orchards. The region finally became part of Spain
in 1266, when it was delivered without violence to king Jaime
I, “The Conqueror”.
Jumilla is a small town and also the name of the province’s
most important wine-producing region. It is a transitional area
between the Mediterranean coastal region, and the high inland
plateau. Located to the northwest of the capital city of Murcia,
it is an area made up of wide valleys separated by chains of rocky
mountains, with elevations ranging from 1,200 to 2,500 feet above
sea level. These elevations mean huge temperature swings, in 24
hours they can range from 105° to 50° and back again.
The area receives scarce rainfall (around 10 inches per year)
and abundant sunlight (3,000 hours per year), optimal for the
healthy ripening of the grapes. The soils are poor, gravelly and
sandy, with a base of limestone and clay. These elements combine
to produce deep rooted vines, which yield low quantities of intensely
flavored grapes. The autochthones grape variety is Monastrell,
better known by it’s French name Mourvèdre, which
has flourished in the area for hundreds of years .
Jumilla has had an important wine making tradition for centuries.
but it wasn’t until the mid 19th century that the Phylloxera
plague affecting much of Europe, and particularly France, gave
a boost to the region, bringing with it a significant rise in
exports and enriching the local agricultural sector. In the 1877
National Wine Exhibition, held in Madrid, 25 exhibitors from Jumilla,
including both wine and liqueur producers, took part. The local
Oenological Research Center began operating in 1910, and in 1966
the Jumilla Denomination of Origin was created, making it one
of Spain’s oldest.
From the mid 19th century up until the mid 1990’s, most
of the wine produced was destined for export. These wines were
usually shipped in bulk and were of a rustic character, used mainly
to bring color and potency to blends. By the mid 1990’s
wineries in Jumilla faced a crisis, as worldwide production soared
and consumer preferences changed, the price for bulk wines dropped
dramatically and local wineries saw their markets and profits
erode. Many wineries closed their doors, but the remaining ones
adapted, shifting their focus towards quality, estate-bottled
wines.
Today, Jumilla is recognized as ones of Spain’s most promising
wine regions. It has begun to receive international acclaim for
its Monastrell based wines, which are conquering markets the world
over.
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